Methods of policing Innovative supervisor

Data collection framework
Interviews served as a valuable method of collecting data for this research, allowing the researchers to verify hypotheses and better describe the phenomenon under investigation. In-depth interviews were conducted, and ten people were questioned for the study. Respondents were asked a mix of semi-structured, structured, and unstructured questions.Semi-structured and unstructured questions were used to elicit detailed information about the participants’ perspectives, backgrounds, and experiences to gauge the breadth and depth of their feelings on the delicate topic.
Information was analyzed using thematic categories derived from the textual content. After a brief introduction, the scholar dove into the data analysis according to Braun and Clarke’s theme-based methodology (2006)
Item Number Analysis phases Description
1 Familiarization with data Recording of facts, statistics, and ideas
2 Generating initial codes Generation of codes of the statistics
3 Searching for themes Organizing the codes into facts relating to every subject
4 Review of the themes Generating a statistical map
5 Naming and defining the themes Refining the subject and continuing evaluation to establish the general story
6 Report Writing Production of the report

As a result, gathering participant feedback necessitated an initial round of interviews. The researcher briefed them on the subject and then drilled them with questions. People started offering their opinions on the study’s aims.Second, the investigator coded all the information. During the third stage, the scholar dove into the research, reading, and analysis of the data. In the final step, the investigator went back through all the themes to ensure they were coherent and applicable to the study’s overarching framework. After establishing the function of the themes, the researcher wrote a report.
Data familiarization
The first step of thematic data analysis involved data familiarization. In line with this, the researcher got through the data collected and had an in-depth overview of the information. This was done through the assessment of individual items. The researcher read through the whole notes and took important notes. Here, the researcher also generally looked at the items for proper familiarization.
Coding
After data familiarization, the researcher proceeded to code the data. Different sections were analyzed, and shorthand codes or labels were developed to gain the content. The highlighted sections included sentences and phrases essential in assigning the responses shorthand labels.
Interview Extract Code
My perspective on police supervision is shaped mainly by my training. Training
My perspective on police supervision is shaped mainly by experiences I have had in my law enforcement career. Experience
My perspective on police supervision is shaped mainly by prior supervision. Supervision
My preferred mode of supervision would be best described as a Traditional supervisor. One that is highly task-oriented and expects subordinates to produce measurable outcomes along with paperwork and documentation Traditional supervision
My preferred mode of supervision would be best described as an Innovative supervisor. One that generally encourages their subordinates to embrace new philosophies and methods of policing Innovative supervisor
My preferred mode of supervision would be best described as a Support supervisor. One that tends to support subordinates by protecting them from discipline or punishment perceived as “unfair” and by providing inspirational motivation Support supervisor
My preferred mode of supervision would be best described as an Active supervisor. One that embraces the philosophy of leading by example Active supervisor
I have had confrontations with one or more of my subordinates due to issues with supervision. Personal confrontation
I have witnessed a confrontation between other supervisors and subordinates due to issues with supervision. Witness confrontation
Many changes have been implemented in the supervision mode since I joined the New York Police Department. Multiple changes
Age has an impact on the dynamics of police supervision Impact of age

The researcher highlighted various texts and phrases corresponding to the assigned codes in different colors from the provided extract. Every code describes the ideal information or data collected from the participants. At this point, the researcher was thorough and went through the entire interview transcripts and carefully read the expressions by the respondents to highlight every piece of information that is critical and of interest to the scholar. New codes were introduced as the investigator kept highlighting the responses to the first questions to the last. As visible from the table, all the information in the interview extract has been identified by a code. The codes are critical in helping the investigator get a comprehensive yet condensed insight into the shared meanings and main points.
Generation of the themes
Upon completion of coding, the researcher looked at the patterns of the created codes to identify the themes. Each code was carefully analyzed, and 11 themes were developed. The researcher did not find any vague code; hence all the codes were incorporated as themes. Being a structured interview, all responses were clear and relevant to the study. The scholar ensured that the created themes were helpful in the study.
Themes review
At this point, the scholar reviewed the themes to determine if they represented the gathered data accurately and were valuable. In this case, the scholar returned to the interview transcripts to compare the themes against the data. It was established that all themes were present in the data and that nothing was missing. This implies that there were no necessary adjustments to make the data more presentable, accurate, and valuable.
Defining and naming the themes
Completing the theme review presented the scholar with the final list of the themes. Therefore it was necessary to define and name each theme. Align to this, and the researcher formulated each theme and its importance in helping the investigator comprehend the data. Giving themes easily under stable names is essential in thematic analysis. To achieve this, the scholar came up with easily comprehendible names such as experience, training, and supervision.
Results and Findings
This section discusses the results and findings of the research. The results and findings have been grouped into categories based on the research hypothesis. A heading has been given according to the theme identified during coding. Several themes were outstanding, according to the research. Firstly, training where the respondents were asked if their view of supervision had been framed by training. Secondly, experience also stood out when the participants were required to determine whether experience from a law enforcement career contributed to their perspective on supervision. Past supervision also emerged from the study where the informants told the scholar whether past supervision shaped their viewpoint of supervision. Traditional, innovative, supportive, and active supervisors are among the themes where the participants told the researcher whether they preferred each supervisory style or not. They also responded to instances where they have personally had a confrontation with their supervisors and events where they have witnessed a confrontation between a subordinate and supervisor. Employees in the police sector were required to confirm if changes had been implemented since their absorption into the job. The researcher also required the respondent’s ideas on the impact of age on police supervision dynamics.
Training
Most participants did not recognize training as the police supervision that shaped their lives. According to the findings, most respondents disagreed with the provision that the skills have shaped their perspective on supervision from the training they received. Only three respondents strongly agreed that training shaped their perspective on supervision. This represents 2.12% out of the possible 100%. In addition, only 43 participants confirmed that training shaped their supervision skills. Essentially, 30.50% agreed that the training received played a key role in modeling their view on supervision. A quick um of the respondents who strongly agreed and those that agreed is 32.62%. This is way less the number of participants who disagreed with the hypothesis.
On the other hand, 76 participants disagreed, while 19 strongly disagreed. The participants confirmed that skills gained during the training did not model their view on supervision. They separated the capacity to internalize supervision from training. From the coded data, 13. Forty-eight strongly disagreed, whereas 50.90% of the participants grossly disagreed. Compared to the number of those who strongly agreed, strongly disagreed participants were more than those who strongly agreed by about 11%.
Parameter Codes Frequency Explanation and Quoted Vertebra

Strongly agree 4 3
2.127659574

Agree 3 43
30.4964539

Disagree 2 76

53.90070922

Strongly 1 19
13.4751773

Total 141 100%

Acquired experience
The respondents were asked to confirm if their thought on supervision was shaped by the experience acquired. They overwhelmingly agreed that experience gained aligns with their perspective on supervision. According to 87 participants, which makes 61%, their approach to supervision was framed by practical observation of the facts of the event. Generally, experience is gained through direct observation of an object and participation in the event. Direct participation and observation create a piece of in-depth knowledge about the object or the subject. The respondents confirmed to the researcher that experience was vital in molding their approach to supervision.
Further, 31% of the participants agreed that experience primarily contributed to the molding of their angle on supervision. However, 8 and 2 disagreed and strongly disagreed, respectively. Their standpoint was that experience did not contribute to framing their perspective on supervision. Combined, the respondents who disagreed and strongly disagreed made up 7%.
Parameter Codes Frequency Explanation and Quoted Vertebra

Strongly agree 4 87
61.70212766

Agree 3 44
31.20567376

Disagree 2 8

5.673758865

Strongly 1 2
1.418439716

Total 141 100%

Prior supervision
In the context of police, supervision involves coordination, cooperation, sharing of information and joint problem resolution. According to the research, 40 participants strongly believe that they framed their perspective on supervision due to experience. This represents about 17% of the possible 100%. Similarly, 72 respondents agreed that prior supervision changed their perspective on supervision. Conversely, the views of the 112 participants conflicted by the responses of 29 participants, who maintained that prior supervision did not shape their view on supervision. Out of the 29 participants who refuted the hypotheses, three strongly disagreed, while 26 never believed that prior supervision contributed to their frame of suppression. They believed that other factors that shaped their perspective of supervision other than prior supervisory duties.
Parameter Codes Frequency Explanation and Quoted Vertebra

Strongly agree 4 40
28.36879433

Agree 3 72
51.06382979

Disagree 2 26

18.43971631

Strongly 1 3
2.127659574

Total 141 100%

Traditional supervisor
According to the research, the large number of people prefer traditional supervision to those who dislike it. A traditional supervisor is a person who leads by example since they are task-oriented and expects their subordinates to be equally productive. A traditional supervisor identifies and raises defects in performance, formulates rules to be complied with by all the subordinates and elaborates on the consequences of non-compliance to the set rules. Twenty-five respondents strongly prefer traditional supervisors. Additionally, 81 respondents admitted that they preferred traditional supervisor, while 35 did not seem to like the supervision type. According to research, traditional supervisors exercise coercion, compulsory and pressure during supervision. Eight participants strongly differed about the idea of preference to traditional supervisor. This implies that approximately 25% of the participants did not believe that traditional supervisory is an effective supervisory style while about 75% believes that traditional superior is the way to go.
Parameter Codes Frequency Explanation and Quoted Vertebra

Strongly agree 4 25
17.73049645

Agree 3 81
57.44680851

Disagree 2 27

19.14893617

Strongly 1 8
5.673758865

Total 141 100%

Innovative supervisor
For this study, an innovative supervisor is a supervisor who encourages their subordinates to embrace new ideas and focus on new methods of carrying out duties. These are supervisors who implement innovative ideas to improve the police sector and service delivery. The researcher established that 24 participants strongly agree that innovative supervisors is more preferable than other supervision styles. 71 more participants believe that innovative supervisor is the way to go while 41 participants seems not convinced that innovative supervision is a good idea. Moreover, 5 more respondents showed a higher level of dissatisfaction with innovative supervisor as they strongly disagreed with the hypothesis. In terms of percentage, about 67% of the participants are certain that innovative supervision preferably better than other styles. Additionally, 50% of the people who trust that innovative supervision is key accepted the hypnosis while 17% strongly agreed with the research questions. Conversely, 4% of the participant who failed to accept the hypothesis strongly rejected while 29% disagreed with it.
Parameter Codes Frequency Explanation and Quoted Vertebra

Strongly agree 4 24
17.0212766

Agree 3 71
50.35460993

Disagree 2 41

29.07801418

Strongly 1 5
3.546099291

Total 141 100%

Support supervisor
According to the study, a support supervisor is a supervisor who protects the subordinates from unfair treatment. This is a supervisor who monitors the activities of the police and assists them through their operations while increasing service delivery. 68 informants told the researcher that they strongly agreed with the hypnosis in this case. According to the research hypothesis, the respondents prefer support supervisor. The researcher uncovered that 51 informants agreed with the hypothesis. This shows that 119 respondents believe that support supervisor is preferable. While about 84% of the participants are convinced that support superiors are better, 16% maintained that it is not a preferable style. 2% of them strongly disagreed while 14% disagreed with the hypothesis. Approximately 48% strongly agreed with the hypnosis while about 36% agreed with the hypnosis.
Parameter Codes Frequency Explanation and Quoted Vertebra

Strongly agree 4 68
48.22695035

Agree 3 51
36.17021277

Disagree 2 20

14.18439716

Strongly 1 2
1.418439716

Total 141 100%

Active supervisor
Active supervision is a type of supervision where the supervisor reduces and prevents misconduct among the subordinates by reinforces proper behavior. For this study, an active supervisor is one who a supervisor who exemplifies the philosophy of leading by example. According to the study, 95 participants strongly admire active supervisor while 41 participants trust that this supervision style is noble. On the contrast, 3 participants did not seem to buy the idea of active supervisor. 2 of the resenting participants disagreed with the idea while 3 respondents strongly disagreed. In percentage terms, about 67% strongly agreed and 29% agreed while 2% disagreed and 2% strongly disagreed.
Parameter Codes Frequency Explanation and Quoted Vertebra

Strongly agree 4 95
67.37588652

Agree 3 41
29.07801418

Disagree 2 2

1.418439716

Strongly 1 3
2.127659574

Total 141 100%

Personal confrontation
The researcher asked the respondents to recount any instance of personal confrontation with the supervisors. The scholar sort to know if there are any instances where the respondents had personally taken head-on with their supervisors. The investigator discovered that 18 participants strongly agreed that they had had personal confrontation moments with their supervisors whereas 43 agreed to that question. Collectively, the participants who have had instances of personal confrontation with their boss’s forms about 43% where 30% believe that such instances had happened while 13% strongly admitted an occurrences of such instances. On contrast, 52 respondents told the researcher that such instances had never occurred to them while 28 respondents strongly refuted such occurrences. Summarily, approximately 57% of the participants had never encountered any form of personal confrontation with their bosses. From the 57% who resented, 37% disagreed while 20% disagreed.
Parameter Codes Frequency Explanation and Quoted Vertebra

Strongly agree 4 18
12.76595745

Agree 3 43
30.4964539

Disagree 2 52

36.87943262

Strongly 1 28
19.85815603

Total 141 100%

Witnessing instances of confrontation with supervisor
This question was administered to the participants to establish cases where the respondents might have witnessed instances where a supervisor and subordinate disagree or confront each other. The respondents might have had an individual disagree net and confrontation with the supervisor. However, this section only required the respondents to recall cases where they were third party in such confrontation and never took part in the confrontations. The investigation found out that 53 participants which represents 38% of the study sample had seen such cases since they strongly agreed. Moreover, 76 respondents were also able to recount such moments and agreed to have witnessed a disagreement between a subordinate and a supervisor without being involved. 9 participants resented such situations while 3 respondents strongly disagreed to have seen such incidents. 54% agreed to having witnessed such situations, 38% strongly agreed, 6% disagreed while 2% strongly disagreed.
Parameter Codes Frequency Explanation and Quoted Vertebra

Strongly agree 4 53
37.58865248

Agree 3 76
53.90070922

Disagree 2 9

6.382978723

Strongly 1 3
2.127659574

Total 141 100%

Changes
The researcher sort to find out the level of implementation of changes in the police sector. In accordance to this, the scholar asked the respondents to consider the level of transformation they have seen in the sector since their absorption into the system. 68 participants strongly agreed that multiple transformation have rocked police sector since their recruitment while 45 agreed to the statement. Cumulatively, 113 participants admitted to have seem numerous changes in police system since their employment. Conversely, 28 respondents did not welcome the hypothesis and told the scholar that they are not privy to any change in police system. 10 in the disagreeing 28 strongly disagreed while 18 disagreed to such transformations. In percentage form, 79% agreed where 48% strongly agreed and 31% agreed while 21% rejected the hypothesis where 13% disagreed and 8% strongly disagreed.
Parameter Codes Frequency Explanation and Quoted Vertebra

Strongly agree 4 68
48.22695035

Agree 3 45
31.91489362

Disagree 2 18
12.76595745

Strongly 1 10
7.092198582

Total 141 100%

Impact of age
The hypothesis that provided that age impacts dynamics in police supervision received mixed reactions. 54 informants strongly agreed with the hypothesis whereas 60 respondents agreed. Therefore, approximately 38% strongly agreed with the hypothesis while 43% agreed to it. However, 27 participants refuted the hypnosis’s with 8 strongly disagreeing while 19 respondents disagreed to the hypothesis. This implies that the hypothesis was supported by 81% and rejected by 19%. 13% dismissed it while 6% strongly rejected the hypothesis.
Parameter Codes Frequency Explanation and Quoted Vertebra

Strongly agree 4 54
38.29787234

Agree 3 60
42.55319149

Disagree 2 19
13.4751773

Strongly 1 8
5.673758865

Total 141 100%